What does a horse's "conformation" refer to?

Conformation refers to the physical structure and composition of a horse, which includes the horse's body shape, size, and the arrangement of its limbs and muscle. This aspect is crucial as it significantly influences a horse's athletic performance, health, and ability to withstand the stresses of training and racing. A well-conformed horse is typically more balanced and has better biomechanics, which can enhance its speed and agility on the track.

Understanding a horse's conformation helps trainers and owners make informed decisions regarding training, breeding, and overall care. It can also impact a horse’s marketability and value within the racing industry. The other options, while relevant to different aspects of a horse's profile, do not encompass the specific meaning of conformation, which is centered solely on the physical attributes of the animal.